chore: strip pre-fork version comments across 72 files

Removes standalone "// v0.X.X:" comment lines and inline trailing
version annotations. Keeps version references in config field docs
and compatibility notes where they describe requirements.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

server/handlers/profile_bootstrap.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ package handlers
 // (profile, permissions, teams/mine, settings) into one call.
 // The SDK calls this at startup and on token refresh.
 //
-// v0.37.15
 
 import (
 	"net/http"